Stability and Energy Aware Multipath Routing for Mobile Ad Hoc Networks

Multipath routing protocols for Mobile Ad hoc NETwork (MANET) addresses the problem of load balancing, scalability, security and life time of networks. In this paper, we propose a new multipath protocol, Stability and Energy Aware Multipath Ad hoc On-demand Distance Vector (SEAM-AODV) protocol which is an enhancement of Ad hoc On-demand Distance Vector (AODV) protocol. It designs a bi-objective optimization formulation to compute the reliability factor based on the stability and residual energy of nodes, through cross layer approach. The reliability of the multiple paths is increased through node disjointness. The path with the highest reliability factor value is selected as the primary path for data transmission. It also employs effective route maintenance mechanism to reduce the frequency of route recovery. This protocol is compared with other similar routing protocol: AOMDV. We use ns-2 for simulation. Our simulation results show that, the proposed protocol reduces the packet loss by up to 25 – 35 % and routing overhead by about 3240 %. It also accomplishes 10 13 % higher packet delivery ratio.